Film + TV + Cinema

The history
There were a lot of inventions and innovations of necessary for the advent of cinema in history. It was electromagnetic induction and also Edison’s bulb in 1879. The film was invented by Lumiere brothers in 1895. Their first film was a short gag, which called Sprinkle sprinklers (Pokropený kropič). First it was black and white and silent. There were usually comedies and cartoons (kreslený). The first film with a real plot (děj) was a western The Great Train Robbery, which was 10 minutes long. The first real cinema building was founded in Paris in 1897. The most important actors were Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy. Today we can see colour and sound film. It depends on TV set but almost everybody has a colour TV. The most important television studio is found in Los Angeles in USA. It’s called Hollywood and to get there is a dream of all actors.

The production of film
Who makes a film? At first we think that actors-the stars which are famous and rich. But the essence of creative work is onto some other place. The film is a result of teamwork. There work directors, cameramen, screen, writers, producents and others.

Festivals, Oscars
Every year there are many new films produced and we can see them on different film festivals that take place in Cannes, Berlin and also in Karlovy Vary. The best films can get some prices for example, American Film Academy awards Oscars every year. Either American or foreign films have a chance to get Oscars.
Oscars are awarded for the best acting, direction, music, costumes and so on. Some films which got Oscars: Amadeus – M- Forman was a director, West Side Story got 10 Oscars in 1961, Silence of Lambs, My Fair Lady, Mary Popins, Ostře sledované vlaky directed by J. Menzel, Dance with wolfs and the last our film awarded was Kolja by J. Svěrák. Another price is the Gold Globus.
There are many famous films directors: F. Fellini, Spielberg, W. Allen, R. Redford, A. Hitchcock (Psycho, Birds…). The Czech directors: M. Forman (One Flew over the Coco Nest), J. Svěrák (Obecná škola, Jízda, Ropáci, Kolja), J. Menzel (Ostře sledované vlaky).
The person who must control the performance is called the producer or director. The script (scénář), actors and directors are the most important condition (předpoklad) of the successful film.